@article{10.1145/3414685.3417801,
author = {H\"{a}drich, Torsten and Makowski, Mi\l{}osz and Pa\l{}ubicki, Wojtek and Banuti, Daniel T. and Pirk, S\"{o}ren and Michels, Dominik L.},
title = {Stormscapes: Simulating Cloud Dynamics in the Now},
year = {2020},
issue_date = {December 2020},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
volume = {39},
number = {6},
issn = {0730-0301},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3414685.3417801},
doi = {10.1145/3414685.3417801},
abstract = {The complex interplay of a number of physical and meteorological phenomena makes simulating
clouds a challenging and open research problem. We explore a physically accurate model
for simulating clouds and the dynamics of their transitions. We propose first-principle
formulations for computing buoyancy and air pressure that allow us to simulate the
variations of atmospheric density and varying temperature gradients. Our simulation
allows us to model various cloud types, such as cumulus, stratus, and stratoscumulus,
and their realistic formations caused by changes in the atmosphere. Moreover, we are
able to simulate large-scale cloud super cells - clusters of cumulonimbus formations
- that are commonly present during thunderstorms. To enable the efficient exploration
of these stormscapes, we propose a lightweight set of high-level parameters that allow
us to intuitively explore cloud formations and dynamics. Our method allows us to simulate
cloud formations of up to about 20 km \texttimes{} 20 km extents at interactive rates. We explore
the capabilities of physically accurate and yet interactive cloud simulations by showing
numerous examples and by coupling our model with atmosphere measurements of real-time
weather services to simulate cloud formations in the now. Finally, we quantitatively
assess our model with cloud fraction profiles, a common measure for comparing cloud
types.},
journal = {ACM Trans. Graph.},
month = nov,
articleno = {175},
numpages = {16},
keywords = {physics-based modeling and simulation, stormscapes, fluid dynamics, cloud simulation, weather simulation}
}